MachinistCharts

Bolt torque chart

Dry tightening torque for coarse-thread steel bolts at 75 % of proof load: metric M4 to M36 in class 8.8, 10.9 and 12.9, and inch 1/4" to 1" in SAE grade 2, 5 and 8. For example, an M10 class 8.8 bolt takes 50 N·m and a 1/2-13 grade 5 bolt takes 75 ft-lb.

Calculated from ISO 898-1 and SAE J429. Updated .

Show values in
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Class 8.8Class 10.9Class 12.9
251020501002005001,0002,0005,000M4M6M10M14M18M22M27M33M36Class 8.8Class 10.9Class 12.9
Dry torque, N·m, logarithmic scaleTorque rises with roughly the cube of diameter

Metric bolts

Dry torque in N·m. Open a size for lubricated values, clamp load, wrench size and tap drill.

Metric bolt torque, dry, by property class
SizeClass 8.8Class 10.9Class 12.9Wrench
M4 × 0.73.14.45.17 mm
M5 × 0.86.28.8108 mm
M6 × 111151810 mm
M8 × 1.2525364313 mm
M10 × 1.550728416 mm
M12 × 1.758812614718 mm
M14 × 214120123521 mm
M16 × 221831236524 mm
M18 × 2.531243150427 mm
M20 × 2.544161071230 mm
M22 × 2.560183197134 mm
M24 × 37611,0531,23136 mm
M27 × 31,1161,5441,80541 mm
M30 × 3.51,5142,0942,44746 mm
M33 × 3.52,0602,8493,33050 mm
M36 × 42,6463,6614,27855 mm

Inch bolts, UNC

Dry torque in N·m. Each size page also lists UNF threads and lubricated values.

Inch UNC bolt torque, dry, by SAE grade
SizeGrade 2Grade 5Grade 8Wrench
1/4" 20 UNC7.411167/16"
5/16" 18 UNC1524331/2"
3/8" 16 UNC2742599/16"
7/16" 14 UNC4367955/8"
1/2" 13 UNC661021443/4"
9/16" 12 UNC9514720813/16"
5/8" 11 UNC13220328715/16"
3/4" 10 UNC2343615101-1/8"
7/8" 9 UNC2265828221-5/16"
1" 8 UNC3398731,2321-1/2"

Before you tighten

Lubricant changes the number

Oil, moly paste or anti-seize lowers the nut factor K, so the same torque produces far more clamp load. Use the lubricated value whenever the threads are oiled, or the bolt can yield.

Tighten in a star pattern

On flanges and covers, bring every bolt to about 30 %, then 70 %, then full torque, crossing the pattern each pass. Finish with one round at full torque in sequence.

Give the thread enough grip

Engage at least one diameter of thread in steel, about 1.5 diameters in cast iron and 2 diameters in aluminium, or the internal thread strips before the bolt reaches its clamp load.

These are general starting values for steel bolts in steel nuts or tapped steel. When the equipment, gasket or fastener maker publishes a torque, use theirs. Never reuse torque-to-yield bolts.
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